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Frequently Asked Questions
[ Animal Health ] [ Antibodies & Calibrators ]
Animal Health
Veterinarian Advice
Management
Information about Immunoglobulin G ( IgG)
When to use the test
Free Reading materials for more information
Veterinarian Advice
In any question in regards to the health and welfare of your newborn calf or
foal, we strongly recommend that you contact your local veterinarian. They
know what disease issues you might have in your region of the country,
climate changes and their effect on newborn animals, new prescriptions on
the market, new methods for treatment, general farm management issues that
effect your newborn animals, and biosecurity issues you should be aware of.
They also work closely with nutritionists, coop extension agencies,
consultants, and manufacturing reps that can be of assistance in resolving
animal health issues.
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Management Calves
We buy calves that are 2-5 days old, can I still test IgG levels?
Yes, you can. We developed these tests so that the newborn can be tested 3-4 hours after the initial nursing to see if passive immunity has occurred. However, it can be used on calves up to 1 week of age.
We buy calves that are 2-5 days old, how can we best implement this management tool?
Many of our customers who routinely buy calves from the same barns use it as a tool to be sure that the barns they are getting the calves from are doing everything possible to get the calf off to a good start.
Do you recommend a certain brand of milk replacer?
No. There are several good brands on the market, you should work with your veterinarian to decide which one will best suit your operation.
How do other producers use this tool?
Many producers of large operations use this diagnostic device to be sure that their staff are feeding milk and caring for the calves as soon as they are born. Other producers are using this test to make sure the operations they are buying from are giving good care to the calves right from the start. People who purchase calves are willing to pay a higher price in return for a calf that has adequate IgG.
How does this affect my bottom line?
Check our price list to see the pricing per kit. There are volume discounts. Tests start around $4.50 per calf. One study has shown that calves with high levels of IgG save you about $27 per calf in initial health care costs. Those savings will multiply out over the life of the calf, because calves with adequate passive immunity have better rate of gain, higher milk production and require less veterinary care.
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Information about Immunoglobulin G (IgG)
Immunoglobulins like Immunoglobulin G (IgG) provide an animal with a defense mechanism to prevent it's systems from being invaded by outside infectious agents (bacteria, viruses, etc.). While there are several proteins that make up immunity, in animals IgG is by far the most predominate, 70-75% of the total immunoglobulins found in serum. IgG is not produced by an animal until it is exposed to one of these infectious agents and some animals species (Bovine and Equine) are born devoid of any immunity at all. Unfortunately, newborns are exposed to a host of these agents from birth and with out help, it may not be able to respond quickly enough to remain healthy. Fortunately, the animal's mother can help by providing the newborn with her own IgG which acts while the animal develops it's own immune defenses. Unlike humans, where the IgG crosses the placenta from mother to child, many species like horses and cows, the maternal IgG reached the offspring postnatal from maternal milk and is absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract.
Can these tests distinguish between passive and active immunity?
No, since they test for species specific IgG, they will read both passive (Maternal IgG) and active (IgG developed by the newborn) immunity.
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When to use the test
How long can I use the Quick Test Kits for Calves and Foals?
We developed these tests so that the newborn can be tested 3-4 hours after
the initial nursing to see if passive immunity has occurred.
Since the tests are species specific for IgG, they can be used accurately up
to 1 week of age.
What type of information does this give me?
For Calves, the USDA has established 10mg/mL of IgG is indicative of
adequate passive immunity. Our test tells you if the calf has levels of IgG
present in amounts greater than or less than 10 mg/mL.
For foals, the level of 8 mg/mL of IgG or greater is indicative of adequate
passive immunity. Midland BioProducts also offers a 4 mg/mL level test for
partial passive immunity testing. Our test tells you if the foal has IgG present in the
blood sample in amounts less than 4 mg/mL, 4 to 8 mg/mL or greater than 8 mg/mL.
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Free Literature
If you are interested in learning more about the value of testing IgG Levels, we recommend the following literature. We will be happy to provide you with copies of the following articles at no charge.
- Calf immunity test results provide insight.By Jodee Sattler
Article reprinted with permission of Author
- ColostrometerTM vs. Quick Test Bovine Colostrum IgG Kit Values.
By Jerry McVicker
- Evaluation of a lateral flow immunoassay for monitoring passive transfer in calves. By Jerry McVicker, Glenda Rouse, Mike A. Fowler, H. Bruce Perry, Bill Miller, and Thomas E. Johnson
- Evaluation of a lateral flow test device for the determination of failure of passive transfer of immunoglobulin G in calves. By Jerry McVicker, Denney Barrantes, Glenda Rouse and Richard Cockrum
- Evaluation of a lateral flow test device for the determination of Immunoglobulin G (IgG) in colostrum. By Jerry McVicker, Glenda Rouse, Denny Barrantes and Thomas Besser
- Foal IgG, What is it, and why is it important?
By Michael A. Ball, DVM, and Christina S. Cable, DVM
The Horse Interactive Website, Article reprinted with permission
- Get an early start. By Terry L. Batchelder and Debbie Clute-Reeves
Northeast DairyBuisness, November 1999, Article reprinted with permission
- Liquid Gold by Marguerita B. Cattell
Dairy Herd Management, January 2000 Article reprinted with permission
- Try calf-side IgG tests by Rhonda Franck Plourd
Dairy Herd Management, December 1999, Article reprinted with permission
- What’s The IgG Status Of Your Calves
By Jerry McVicker, Article reprinted with permission
- Performance of Two Commercially Available Equine Colostrum
IgG Tests.
By
Tami L. Haywood et all. Jan. 13, 2006. Article reprinted with permission
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